The rig veda is the first veda.
Vedas means knowledge. These are the collection of hymns, prayers, chorms and sacrificial formulae. Rigvedic people called themselves as Aryans.
Rigveda has 1028 sukthas or
prayer song. All of them are grouped and that group was named as Mandala. There
are 10 Mandalas in rigveda.
In rigvedic period there were three
communities among Aryans. Those are Aristocracy,priestly class and common
people. We don`t find the word varna in rigveda. But 10th Mandala
says about four group of people and how the god created them. Those are
Brahmana
Kshatriya
Vyshus
Shudras
The rig veda economic system
Animal husbandry was the most
popular during rigveda. The human wealth was measured based on how many cows he
had. Some people engaged themselves in agriculture also. They knew about
irrigation also. Oxens were used to pull the cart and to plough the ground. The
land of agriculture was called as Kshetra. The people who knew the agriculture
were called as Pani. Usually they are rich. There was use of money named
Nishkas.
The rig Veda political system
There were many tribes.A
place where tribes lives was called as Grama. Rajan or Raja was the head of the
tribe. Around him there were Sabha and Samithi.
The Family (kula)
The village (Grama)
The clas (vis)
The people (Jana)
The country (Rashtra)
Rig Veda - Religious system
To get good rain and harvest,
and to defeat their enemies people usuallu did Yagnas. During Yagna animal
sacrifices were done. There were no idol worship.The person who conducted
Yagnas was called Hothur.
The rain god was Indra. There
were lot of shlokas on Agni.
God of cultivation was –
kshetrasya pati
God of plough was – Devi sita
Miner house diety – Vasutosh pathi
The people also knows the lord
shiva.
Rig Veda - Social system
There were no child marriage
There were freedom of choice
marriage
They allowed widow marriage.
Rigvedic women
Women enjoyed a certain
amount of freedom in choosing their husbands, under whose protection and care
they lived after marriage.
Their position was of greater
honour and authority at that time.
They controlled the household
affairs, and participated in the sacrifices and other domestic ceremonies and
feasts, gaily wearing their bright apparel and ornaments.
There was perhaps no
segregation of females or restriction upon their movements. They wer educated,
some of them like Apala, Visvavara and Ghosa even composing mantras after the
fashion of the risis.
Rigvedic occupation
The main occupation was
warfare. Crafts like weaving, Carpentry, agriculture and animal husbandry.
Rigvedic weapons
The bow, and arrow,
Spears,Lances, axes, swords and slingstones.
Rigvedic people dressing
People were lower garment
nivi another garment, and a cloak. Sheep`s wool was used for weaving cloth. They were embroidered with
gold and dyed in the case of rich, who further adorned their persons with such
ornaments as ear-rings, necklets, armlets, bracelets,garkands etc. The hair was
oiled and combed. Women were it ``pkaited’’and some men, too preffered coils on
their hands, Shaving was known.
Names of tribes existed in Rigvedic period
Anus, Druhyus,Yadus, Turvasas
and Purus, bharatas, Tritsus, Sanjayas, Krivis and other minor tribes.
The river names found in rigveda
Kubha( Kabul), the Suvastu (swat),
the krumu (kurram), the gomati (gomal)
the sindhu (Indus), the Jhelum (vitasta)
Chenab (asikini), ravi (parusni), beas (vipasa), Sutlej (sutudri).
The Important Royal officials
Puroita - chief priest and
minister
Senani - Army chief
Dutas - envoys
Spies - spy
This is all about the rig veda in english summary. If you like this article please subscribe to this blog. Thank you.
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